A ‘Chippendale’ Folding Card or Tea Table in Mahogany - A Sheraton Period Satinwood Card Table - Regency Card Table

A ‘Chippendale’ folding card or tea table in mahogany with moulded square legs, serpentine front and elegantly shaped frieze, c.1760-70. Tables of this kind are always higher in value if of the ‘tea’ type, i.e. with solid wood surface on the interior, rather than ‘card’ type with a baize interior.
A very fine quality Chippendale card table c.1770. The edge of the frieze is gadrooned and this effect is followed down the corner edges of the legs. C
The edge of the top is also carved. The wood is mahogany. The legs are chamfered on the inside.
Later Georgian side table of c.1760. The ‘Chippendale’ straight chamfered leg has replaced the earlier pad feet. The top edge still shows a variant of the thumb-nail moulding but is heavier. As well as being chamfered on the inside the legs show a ’scratch’ moulding down the front corner, as seen on chairs, to give a further lightness to the effect. By now, the lock rail is evident under the top and the drawer thus comes below this.
Country versions might still omit the lock rail however and have pegged tenon joints.
A Chippendale mahogany card table, c.1760 with a green baize lined folding top. The edges, frieze and square chamfered legs are fretted in
the Chinese manner, which inexplicably makes this normally rather underpriced piece of furniture double its value.
N.B. Without this fretwork a plain card table of this type is now 50 The ‘tea’ version with polished interior is 60  70.
Later Georgian c.1770 side table similar to the previous example, with elm top and fruitwood legs. Note there is no lock rail under the top. The square Chippendale style legs are chamfered at the back and the front
corners
have the scratch moulding down the edge to lighten them. The drawer front is elm.
A George III, c.1765, country solid walnut side table on tapering legs ending in pad feet. The flap is supported when open by a gate leg. The top and flap are made of several planks.
A Sheraton period (1790 - 1800) satinwood card table cross-banded with rosewood. Note the tapering legs and the medal set in the top panel of the leg.
Value points: Satinwood
A Sheraton period (1790 - 1800) mahogany card table cross-banded with satinwood. Note again the oval medals at the top of the tapering legs and the inlaid stringing lines.
It is to be noted that a pair of identical tables causes the individual piece to be more than doubled. Thus a pair of such tables would be in the 600-700 range.
A mahogany circular folding table of c.1790 with Hepplewhite-cumSheraton influence in the design. A type which could be used as a games or tea table, the latter usually being claimed when the inside is not lined with baize but veneered in the manner of the outside. The stringing lines add considerable elegance as do the oval medallions in the panels at the top of each leg, which ends in a spade foot.
Value, points: Matched figuring of mahogany and stringing …
A George III satinwood and marquetry card table, c.1790, with a folding circular top, cross-banded with rosewood. The inlay consists of urns and flower festoons within a meandering band of anthemion and the frieze is similarly inlaid. The square tapering collared legs with the oval medallions at the top are of a kind generally associated with Shereton designs. These tables were frequently made in pairs.
It would be difficult to find more highly valued tables of this period.
Value points: Quality of decoration .. N.B. Inferior Edwardian copies abound.
A Sheraton period (1790 - 1800) mahogany serpentine fronted side table on tapering legs. An elegant design with interesting enlargement of the
square section added as ornamentation near the bottom of legs.
A mahogany card table of c.1800 in figured veneer with square tapering legs, ending in spade feet. There is a simple boxwood stringing line around the top edges and the frieze which is repeated around the spade foot
top. It is covered in baize inside and is not quite circular when open, although not exaggeratedly oval. Circularity is an important value point, however. This table has the advantage of a double gate, i.e. both back legs open Outwards to support the folding top when open.
Decorative inlays  Satinwood
A fairly typical plain mahogany card table of late Regency or early Victorian period, probably c.1840. The centre pedestal can be either circular in section, often of gunbarrel appearance, or octagonal, and the base
usually reflects this in design. The top swivels and opens to form a baize-lined square surface.
Value points: Rosewood
Figured woods and inlays
Regency period mahogany card table, c.1820, on turned centre column. The hinged folding top pivots on the frame which forms the frieze to provide support when open. Note the fluted square leg forms.
A fairly typical Regency card table of c.1830 on a turned centre pedestal supported by four sabre legs. The fold-over top has a beaded edge moulding and swivels about the centre to allow support from the underframe when open. Inside there is a green baize covering.
Value points: Rosewood  Brass inlays ..
A Regency period  c.1820  rosewood card table, with inlaid stringing and bead-moulded edge decoration. For some reason the semi-elliptical hoop support under the top and above the centre pedestal attracts a higher
price from dealers than other types. A sofa table with a similar support is illustrated in the relevant section. Although the craftsmanship involved in executing this design is undoubtedly high, the overall effect is to
produce a confusion of styles and a weakness of support.
Value points: Rosewood  Brass stringing  Original casters the circular and oval
A Victorian folding walnut card-table, c.1845. Like dining tables of the period, it is thinly veneered in burr walnut and inlaid with marquetry patterns. The base is quite elaborately carved. Inside the
surface is lined with baize.
A late Regency rosewood card table of c.1830. The top is inlaid with a brass border line and swivels across its underframing, which supports it when open. Bead moulding doubly decorates the frieze and the top edge of the base. It is an example of the revived rococo and conflicting designs of the period: paw feet; leaf decoration; turned, reeded and carved column; and a kind of cabochon-and-leaf corner decoration to the frieze, which is also concave.

A Chippendale mahogany card table - A George III satinwood and marquetry card table - A Sheraton period mahogany serpentine fronted side table

A ‘Chippendale’ folding card or tea table in mahogany with reeded square legs, serpentine front and elegantly shaped frieze. Of c. 176070 date. Tables of this kind are always higher in value if of the ‘tea’ type i.e. with
solid wood surface on the interior rather than ‘card’ i.e. with a baize interior.
A Chippendale mahogany card table of c. 1760 with a green baize lined folding top. The edges, frieze and square chamfered legs are fretted inthe Chinese manner, which inexplicably makes this normally rather
underpriced piece of furniture double its value.
N. B. See note under previous example concerning plain mahogany baize lined versions at  and ‘tea’ versions with polished wood interior up to.
A mahogany circular folding table of c. 1790 with Hepplewhite-cumSheraton influence in the design. A type which could be used as a games or tea table, the latter usually being claimed when the inside is not lined with baize but veneered in the manner of the outside. The stringing lines add considerable elegance as do the oval medallions in the panels at the top of each leg.
Value points: Matched figuring of mahogany and stringing
A George III satinwood and marquetry card table with a folding circular top cross banded with rosewood. The inlay consists of urns and flowerfestoons withina meanderingband of anthemionand thefrieze is similarly
inlaid. The square tapering collared legs with the oval medallions at the top are of a kind generally associated with Sheraton designs. These tables were frequently made in pairs.
It would be difficult to find more highlyvalued tables of this period.
Value points: Quality of decoration
N. B. Inferior Edwardian copies abound
A Sheraton period mahogany card table cross banded with satinwood. Note againthe oval medals at the top of the tapering legs and the inlaid stringing lines.
It is to be noted that a pair of identical tables causes the individual piece to be more than doubled. Thus a pair of such tables would be in the 600-700 range.
A George III mahogany dressing table with square legs chamfered at the back. An unpretentious table whose origins are clear from previous illustrations and of a type increasingly popular. The top edge still retains a
moulding derived from the thumb-nail but now more sophisticated with an ogee curve.
A Sheraton period  Satinwood card table cross banded with rosewood. Note the tapering legs and the medal set in the top panel of the leg.
Value points: Satinwood
A Sheraton period mahogany serpentine fronted side table on tapering legs. An elegant design with interesting enlargement of the square section added as ornamentation near the bottom of legs.
A fine mahoganydining table of c. 1800 on turned columns each with three curved legs. The sweep of the latter from the central column out to the brass casters is particularly elegant. On such tables the centre section is generally bolted to the end pieces.
Pembroke tables are said to be named after the Countess of Pembroke, who first gave orders for one of them. It seems that they appeared about 1750 and were generally made in mahogany with square tapering legs.
The flaps on either side are supported by hinged wooden brackets. A drawer is usually to be found opening at one end while a mock drawer is put at the other to give design balance.
The example above is perhapsone of the finest of the fine: in satinwood, with marquetry inlaid, and cross banded with rosewood. It is on square tapering collared legs and the marquetry inlay consists of urns and
naturalistic festoons of flowers.
Price Range: This is a top of the table version;A country mahogany Pembroke table in heavy Cuban wood and with no drawer. The square chamfered legs owe more to the Chippendale influence than the tapering
variety normally associated with this type of table. A simple and pleasing version.
A rather broad mahogany Pembroke table with slightly tapering legs of c. 1790. The solid top is of a particularly finely figured wood and there is abroad boxwood stringing line under the cock-beaded drawer which is continued across the leg.

17th century oak gate-leg table -  William and Mary period side table - Walnut side table - William and Mary period carved wood table

One of the chief innovations of the Stuart and Commonwealth period (1603-60) was the gate-leg table. It appeared in Jacobean times but was perhaps not fully developed until after 1650. The turned leg was
predominantlya Commonwealth innovationand the plain column turning shown in the example above is typical of the period although the design continued for many years. Early Gate-leg tables were
made of oak, walnut or oak with elm tops. The example above is the latter. There are about twelve different types known, some being very rare. The number of legs varied from four to twelve and size from verysmall
side tables to fully-blown diningtables to seat twelve people. The stretchers on many were left square, as above, with the two top edges relieved by a slight bead mould. On other and richer examples the stretchers
were turned, not always to match the legs. All framing joints are mortice and tenon, with oak dowel pegs: in the mahogany gate-leg tables of the 18th century the joints were not pegged, as glue was then used and
framing was cramped while it set. If design and size permitted a drawer was fitted set in the under framing, having a special carriage and runner made of a horizontal slat of oak, fixed longitudinally in the drawer
space. The bottom of the drawer then slid on this; side bottom runners are known, but are rare. The top centre section was held on by oak or walnut dowels until the 18th century, when screws were put through the underside of the framing to secure it.
Value points: 6 seater  8 seater  12 seater
Late 17th century oak gate-leg table, of fairly small dimensions, which could seat four people. Note the bun-shaped feet and the more developed turning of the legs.
Size: - again larger tables to seat more people gain value probably following:-
4 people 6 people 8 people 12 people
N. B. This criterion does not apply to very small gate-leg tables for side use, which command a high premium.
Small oak side table c. 1675. The simple column turning of the legs and the stretchers is of the same type as the gate-leg table illustrated earlier. The top is fixed to the framing with oak dowel pegs. The two drawers
fit tight under the top without a lock rail in the framing. Note that there are now simple bun-like feet under the square leg-stretcher joints, which lift the stretchers slightly higher off the floor. On original undisturbed
pieces the dowels protrude abovethe level of the surface (stand proud).
A William and Mary period side table, of a type generally found in walnut, but also frequently decorated with marquetry. The serpentine X stretcher is also found on earlier tables, but the inverted cup form on the turned
legs is more generally associated with William who brought over Dutchcraftsmen from whom this form originates. The legs would be in solid walnut whereas the top, sides, drawer front and stretcher would be
veneered.
Price Range: Marquetry
Walnut side table of the post ‘Restoration’ period c. 1680. The twist turning so popular to the Restoration period continued to be used on the legs and stretchers of tables though simple turning ’still persisted. Walnut was by far the most favourite wood though oak by no means went out of use. While the legs and bun feet are solid walnut, the top and drawer fronts are veneered. The veneered stretcher is Y shaped at each end,
connected by an oval widening - intended for a bowl. It is more common to have one drawer only and the best examples would be inlaid with marquetry panels.
A William III side table inlaid with seaweed marquetry. The thumDnail moulding is ebonised. The double-scroll legs of square section are particular to this period and not to everyone’s taste, but the stretcher form and flat bun feet are typical. Seaweed marquetry of this quality demanded a high degree of skill and such pieces are
increasingly rare.
William and Mary period with arched A solid walnut side table of drawer. The X-shaped stretcher is shaping of the frieze below the
well illustrated and the heavy turning and bun feet are typical. Note the thumb-nail top edge moulding.
Value points: Proportion and quality of leg turning  Shaping of frieze
William and Mary period. The baluster turning of the legs shows later characteristics but the country maker has retained the square stretchers and construction from an earlier period. Note the drawer fitting tight under the lock rail and the square, pegged tenon joints. This type of table was made well on into the late 18th century.
Value points: Walnut  Fruitwood
William and Mary period carved wood table,decorated with gilt and gesso. The decoration of furniture by gesso was done in order to economise in carving by giving a pattern in slight relief without the need to carve it. It was a rich man’s style and comparatively small quantities were made, chiefly small tables and mirror frames. The style appears to have had a relatively short duration, from 1700 to 1735.
A William III Walnut Card Table,the oval folding top veneered outside and inside with burr -walnut, cross banded and with herringbone lines, the shaped frieze with three small drawers, on six tapering octagonal legs including two rear gate-legs, united by stretchers, and with turned feet.

Antique Mahogany Sofa Table, Walnut Centre Table, Rosewood Card and Games Table - 18th-19th Antique Furniture

A ROSEWOOD LIBRARY TABLE, early 19th century and later.
With a tooled leather-lined top and two frieze drawers with dummy drawers to the reverse, on fluted column standard end supports and splayed and needed feet.
A PAIR OF WALNUT AND FEATHER-BANDED CENTRE TABLES, late 19th century
Each with a crossbanded oyster-veneered panel top inlaid with lines with lobed and roundel decoration, on cabriole legs terminating in pad feet.
A GILTWOOD SIDE TABLE, late 19th/early 20th century
With an associated green marble top, with a foliate frieze and pierced apron centred by an acanthus bound cartouche and hung with scrolls with oak and acorn swags, on acanthus headed cabriole legs terminating in
paw feet.
A GEORGE III AND SATINWOOD-BANDED CARD TABLE
With canted angles and baize-lined hinged top, on square tapering legs with spade feet.
A GEORGE III MAHOGANY, SATINWOOD BANDED AND MARQUETRY CARD TABLE
With canted angles, the top centred by a fan medallion within a flower and ribbon-tied husk decorated border, with a simulated fluted frieze, on husk decorated square tapered gaitered legs with brass caps and castors, the marquetry of a later date.
A VICTORIAN ROSEWOOD GAMES TABLE
With a sliding central panel with a chequerboard to the reverse enclosing a backgammon board, fitted with two frieze drawers, on tapered standard end supports joined by a ring-turned stretcher and terminating in
turned feet.
A WILLIAM IV ROSEWOOD READING TABLE
By Gillow, the adjustable top with two hinged racketed slopes, a pen compartment and a frieze drawer, on a tapered octagonal and baluster column, with a trefoil platform and castors, stamped twice Gillows.
A ROSEWOOD SOFA TABLE, early 19th century
With a rectangular hinged top and two frieze drawers, on standard and dual splayed end supports terminating in brass caps and castors.
A GEORGE III MAHOGANY SOFA TABLE
Inlaid with lines, the rectangular hinged top with D-shaped ends fitted with a frieze drawer and dummy drawer to each side, on standard and dual splayed end supports joined by a ring-turned stretcher terminating in brass caps and castors.
AN EDWARDIAN NEST OF THREE BLACK-LACQUER AND PARCEL-GILT OCCASIONAL TABLES
Each top decorated with birds, amongst bullrushes and trees, on dual ring-turned and splayed end supports joined by stretchers.
A REGENCY MAHOGANY BREAKFAST TABLE
Inlaid with ebony lines, the rectangular hinged top with canted angles with stellar motifs, fitted with a drawer to either end, one with a pen compartment, on two tapered supports, platform and stepped splayed
quadruped supports terminating in brass paw caps and castors.
A GEORGE III MAHOGANY SOFA TABLE
Inlaid with lines, with a rosewood and satinwood-banded hinged top and two frieze drawers, on standard and dual splayed end supports terminating in brass caps and castors A REGENCY MAHOGANY CENTRE TABLE
Fitted with two frieze drawers with dummy drawers to the reverse, on standard and reeded splayed supports, joined by a stretcher and terminating in brass caps and castors.
A GEORGE III MAHOGANY SOFA TABLE
With a rosewood-banded hinged top and two frieze drawers to either side on standard and dual splayed end supports terminating in brass caps and castors.
A VICTORIAN ROSEWOOD OCTAGONAL WORK TABLE
The hinged top enclosing a fitted interior and covered well, on four inswept and a central column extending to floral-carved splayed tripod supports terminating in scroll feet with castors.
A GEORGE III MAHOGANY OCCASIONAL TABLE
With a circular hinged top and extending baluster column with splayed tripod supports terminating in pad feet.
A MAHOGANY ENCLOSED GAMES TABLE
With a baize lined hinged top and two frieze drawers, on ring-turned tapered legs terminating in brass caps and castors 51in.
A REGENCY MAHOGANY OCCASIONAL TABLE
With a rectangular hinged top on a turned tapered and lotus-carved column and splayed tripod supports with brass caps and castors.
A REGENCY MAHOGANY READING AND WORK TABLE
The hinged racheted top with a stay, fitted with two drawers to one side on ring-turned tapered legs with brass caps and castors.
A GEORGE III MAHOGANY OCCASIONAL TABLE
The hinged top with a reeded edge and canted angles, on a ring-turned tapered column with splayed tripod supports terminating in brass caps and castors.
A REGENCY ROSEWOOD WORK TABLE
Inlaid with lines, with a satinwood-banded top and frieze drawer, on a ring-turned column and splayed quadruped supports terminating in brass paw caps and castors.
A SATINWOOD BREAKFAST TABLE
With a rectangular hinged top on a square section column and quatrefoil platform with bun feet and castors

A PAIR OF WILLIAM IV ROSEWOOD CARD TABLES.

Each with a circular baize-lined hinged top and turned tapered column, on a quatrefoil platform with paw feet and castors.The dished top (possibly associated) with re-entrant angles, on angled and turned cabriole legs terminating in faceted pad feet, restorations 32in.
A MAHOGANY TRIPOD TABLE
The circular top with a galleried edge, on an inverted baluster column and splayed supports terminating in pointed pad feet.
A GEORGE III MAHOGANY CENTRE TABLE
Fitted with a drawer to one end, on square chamfered legs 24V4in.

TABLES  side, early, single drawer
We have separated out lowboys or dressing tables and have defined them as having three or four drawers, while side tables are defined as having one or at most two drawers.
The types are clearly related but side or centre tables are found well back into the early seventeenth century. However, for collecting purposes (i.e. availability) they start towards the end of the seventeenth century.
A charming fruitwood side table from the end of the seventeenth century with the typical column-shaped turnings that one associates with the mid-century. The square stretchers and thick top are also part of this design. However, the ogee fretted frieze indicates a later date. c. 1680
A superb olivewood oyster veneered side table with walnut spiral twist turned legs. The wavy stretcher is veneered on the top and the facing edge. This is a classic piece of the period. Note how the design is nearly identical to that for a chest on stand, and indeed one does see well-turned side tables with very poor tops (i.e. disposed stands often partly rebuilt), but this superb geometrically laid pattern could never have been intended for anything else than a side table top. c.1680
Moving on a decade, this marquetry piece with well-turned legs shows a later form of stretcher arrangement, one that country makers seemed to prefer to the last example; at any event it was widely copied. Note the inverted acorn in the turning near the bottom of the leg. The quality of the marquetry  of green stained bone and other warm colours  is important. c. 1690
Perhaps the country variant of the twists, though attractive, are only mere imitations of the original. c. 1700
An oak variation of 841. One is tempted to say country, but the turnings are excellent quality, bold and imaginative: only the earlier type of moulding round the drawer front suggests that it was made out of the fashionable area. c. 1700
An exuberant bobbin-turned stretcher structure derived from earlier pieces, c.1660, but the thick top with shallow moulding is of later date. A very popular design. c. 1690
A William and Mary design of crossover stretcher with slightly less interesting (though by no means bad) turning. One feels that the maker got into a mess at the bottom of the last round and didn’t quite see what to do so left it. He could perfectly well have repeated the top pattern at the bottom if he had measured correctly before he started. Thick moulding on top and below drawer. c. 1710
A much simpler fruitwood version of 845. Here the stretchers are of the normal type. The top and mouldings are very much the same and so is the date. c. 1690
Shows a delightful walnut table of very high quality both in design and execution, with cabriole legs of exceptional form in which the feet are ’stepped’ and the top contained within a fold backed by a scrolled shoulder under the frieze. The drawer is inlaid with an ebony and boxwood stringing line and cross-banded in cherrywood. c. 1710
An oak table cross-banded in walnut on the top and drawer front. The cabrioles are very pronounced and end on pointed feet. The shoulder pieces fit in well and the piece has a strong sturdy look without being over muscular. c. 1740
Shows a simpler, but still very high quality, version in cherrywood throughout, with cabriole front legs ending in pad feet and having a scrolled carving inside the knee. The drawer has an ovolo lip moulding and the back legs are the straight pad-footed type. A simple cross-band, also in cherry, decorates the edge of the drawer and top. c. 1720
A high quality example in dark Cuban mahogany. Notice how the cabrioles are just that bit more
restrained when compared with the last example. (By comparison with which, incidentally, it will weigh more than half as much again). The C scroll is well designed and executed and small carved decoration is
appearing above it. Notice the quarter round moulding we saw in the lowboy section on walnut, early for mahogany. The frieze could be more exciting. c. 1740
The introduction of the cabriole leg affected all furniture and, as we have seen with the lowboys, many interesting and very collectable examples were made. The development in design is predictable and clearly seen.
A country elm piece which fails to excite. The legs are chamfered and the moulding is a broad quarter-round which is repeated on the outside of the leg. In burr elm with a good deep rich colour one might treble the price.
A pad foot example with frieze, the drawer is scratched around the edge to look like cockbeading which suggests a date a shade later than the piece might otherwise be. c.1740
New classical elegance, serpentine front and tapered legs. A reasonable quality example, almost Hepplewhite  see the small square near the bottom of the leg which is a typical feature. c. 1780
Clearly from the restrained turned legs and the moulding a product of the early nineteenth century. In this design restraint is still the keynote; is there, one wonders, just the slightest hint in the tulip-shaped top of the leg that ‘things’ might soon be happening. c. 1800

TABLES  Pembroke
Named after the Countess of Pembroke, said to have been the first to order one. Antique Pembroke tables appeared about 1750 but really became popular around 1780. There are therefore some rare museum quality Pembroke tables in the Chippendale styles. They were considered to be a small useful table, with hinged wooden brackets to support the flaps, a drawer at one end and a mock drawer at the other, for symmetry. Used for many purposes, including writing, they were largely superseded by the pedestal table at the end of the eighteenth century. The Edwardians admired them and one must be watchful for period examples which they improved by adding marquetry or painting.
In satinwood with serpentine shaped flaps which, like the drawers, are cross-banded in kingwood. The inlaid shell on the top is generous in size, superb quality is emphasised by the ebonised edges and the gently curved apron below the drawer which compliments the shape of the flaps. Note the width of the original castors. c. 1790
Made in mahogany with the less popular turned and reeded legs, it is none the less very good quality. Note that the figured veneers on the flaps fan out to the edges to match the inlaid decoration. The flaps look even better down. c. 1795
A fine example in satinwood  considered the top of the scale for Pembroke table-building  with a broad inlaid band of purplewood and further crossbanding in kingwood. The shape of the flaps corresponds closely with that advocated by Sheraton c.1794. The square section tapering solid satinwood legs have collars at the ends and are mounted on brass castors. c.1795
Further down the quality scale, but still very desirable with its broad satinwood inlay and white wood edging. The front is bowed and the top of the legs inlaid with a diamond pattern. c. 1795
Well-chosen veneers with a black stringing line and cross-banded ends. A well-made table. c. 1795
Two variations of the plain solid mahogany variety which continued to be made well into the nineteenth century  ‘honest brown mahogany’. The one on the left has Chippendale moulded legs and a small satinwood stringing line. On the right the most simple type. c. 1800

TABLES  dining, Victorian pedestal
As might be expected the range of pedestal tables was large and the following selection shows the range. Value is affected by decorative potential as well as quality of workmanship.
Superb quality in exotic woods, these saloon tables’ were very much in the grand manner. They were made by firms like Holland & Sons and advertised in Warings catalogue, 1862. When stamped or provenance can be established the value can be appropriately high. c. 1870
Again a bulbous stem, not visible, but this time in walnut with a most attractive walnut top with subtle marquetry inset round the sides and on top. c. 1860
Highly flamboyant in yew wood of the type associated with Muckross Abbey School in Ireland. The pedestal table which is not shown is bulbous and covered in bits and pieces of marquetry. c. 1860
The heavily carved scroll feet, which are set at this angle, but above all the bulbous turning of the mahogany pedestal tables, all suggest the date when this form was popular. Note that if a marquetry top in exotic woods is by a known maker and invoices, etc. are available, then the price can go up considerably. c. 1850s
Although this type of outward curving foot and the straight three-sided column were first used around the early 1830s, the typical Victorian marquetry top suggests a later date.
Smee shows almost this type of foot in 1850. Note the crudeness of the marquetry compared with 785, both now being reproduced with an unabashed newness of finish. c. 1840
More marquetry of good quality. Note the height of the knee on the cabrioles. This example in C. & R. Light’s Catalogue of 1881 shows this characteristic. The faceted pedestal is also found in some later furniture. c.1870
The four pedestal straight leg type table which was popular from the 1870s onwards. It first came in about 1850s when needless to say the entire structure was curved. Plenty of inlay in ivory with turned centre finial.
An altogether heavier and coarser design. The finial is gadrooned and the supports are similarly shaped. Along the lines of C. & R. Light. c.1880

Side table

1. Grain running from side to side of table top.
2. On solid woods, considerable figuring where timber was split rather than sawn.
3. Back edge of table top sometimes unfinished, with no overhang.
4. Drawers of oak, carcase wood of oak. Pine drawers or other parts of carcase in period piece indicate Dutch origins.
5. Where there is
featherbanding and herringbone inlay, `arrows’ always go clockwise.
6. Simple lip moulding to three sides of table top.
7. Beam moulding to drawer edges made from a single strip with wood grain continuing through each bead.
8. On walnut tables, signs of worm boreholes in solid timbers — walnut is particularly susceptible to worm.
9. Good patination on sides. and top edges of drawer where it has been pulled out and handled constantly.
10. No lock or lock rail to drawer frame.
Likely restoration and repair
11. Legs restored, replaced where worm damage has ruined originals.
12. Original veneer planed down to the oak carcase beneath: no depth of patination on surface woods.
13. Solid walnut tops replaced: signs of worm-tracks indicate timber planed down from thicker piece of different origin —wormholes only show on surface of wood.
14. Solid walnut with little patination, wrong construction: may be Victorian copy
`distressed’ to look older.
15. Made up from larger table in bad state of repair. No
patination on overhang of table top — oddly placed boreholes and marks on underside.
16. Legs repaired or replaced: grain will break on the join —quite often concealed by ring turning.
Historical background
By the beginning of the seventeenth century there was much more ’standing’ furniture in most houses. In particular, side tables came into use for many different functions. They stood in spaces between windows, against walls with side chairs, and were used as an early version of the ‘dressing table’.
The art of twist turning came to England from Spain and the Spanish Netherlands, together with the fashion for embellishing cabinets and the edges of drawers with ’string of beads’ mouldings in ebony or ebony-coloured woods. Sometimes legs of small decorative tables were of a much darker wood than the rest of the piece.
The cup-and-cover shape of table and cabinet stand legs, although principally associated with the arrival of William of Orange in England, had been used for several decades before, from the furniture imported from Holland. At about the same time the art of veneering transformed both the construction and the appearance of English furniture. Side tables span this revolutionary change, being made first in solid woods with twist-turned legs, and later in quartered veneer with serpentine stretchers. Stuart side tables frequently had one full-width drawer in the frieze.
Construction and materials
Side tables, being small pieces of furniture, were made in a much wider variety of woods than large tables. They are found in oak, fruitwood, plane and, occasionally, Cyprus. At a later date they were made in solid walnut, and in walnut veneer on an oak carcase and underframe.
Most side tables had a single drawer in the frieze, with one or two handles. Drawers were either plain-fronted or with small fielded or coffered panels, contemporary with chest of drawers of the period. Their construction was still based on the solid frame, with stretchers between all four legs, either decorative or plain.
Around 1680 the cup and cover shape of legs with serpentine stretchers, similar to those on stands for chests, were quite common. There is always a good overhang on three sides of the table top, and the back edge will be narrower, for side tables were made to stand against walls and in
Variations
These traditional ‘occasional’ tables were made in a variety of shapes, woods and finishes for 100 years or more and the differences in construction, woods and finish rather than stylistic change are the guide to period. Characteristic country-made versions may be of plain oak with square stretchers and no carving or decoration. Others had a semi-circular flap and a plain gateleg on a wooden hinge, opening to an elongated half-circle. Some are found in plain oak with a simple frieze and no drawer. Nice examples can be found in fruitwood, sometimes with a small drawer in the frieze which does not recesses, and the back stretcher is plain, undecorated and flush with the edge of the back.
The timber of the legs continues up to form the side frame of the frieze drawer and the corners of the frieze. All joints were simple mortise-and-tenon, secured with pegs or dowels. The drawers had through-dovetails or stop-dovetails, with the bottom boards running from front to back in more than one piece. The bottom boards were nailed to the sides with clout nails and a simple rebate joint.
Detail
Early walnut veneer was usually quarter-cut and framed in a broad band of cross-cut veneer, sometimes edged with feather-banding or herringbone with mitred edges.
Drop handles usually had rosette-shaped backplates fixed to the drawer fronts with two steel shafts driven through and splayed and flattened on the inside.
run the full width of the piece. Dutch side tables, imported during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, were veneered or decorated with marquetry and had double-twist legs. Generally they were more elaborate than those in the English style and were usually made on a pine carcase with pine drawers.
Left: plain oak table of the late seventeenth century.
Centre: William and Mary oak table with pierced decorative frieze.
Right: an elaborately decorated table of the Stuart period.
Reproductions
Nineteenth century
The most common ones on the market today are of Victorian oak, recognizable by decoration such as carving on the frieze, twist turning, polished and darkened to age the wood.
There are also solid walnut copies, stained and bleached where the stain has rubbed off or faded. Many reproductions are in oak, elm, and Virginia walnut, with straight legs or later machine-turned balusters, bobbins or twists and flat stretchers, from almost any date from c.1830. They were made as little side tables for use in passages, halls and dining rooms.
Spanish, Portuguese and Italian tables with ebonized legs, string-of-beads moulding around the drawers, simulating the style of tortoiseshell and ebony chests and cabinets, were imported in large numbers during the mid-Victorian period.
Price bands
Stuart oak, with frieze drawer and good turned detail, £1,900-2,200.
William and Mary oak with good detail, i1,500–1,800.
Country, period, oak or fruitwood, c.1700, £500-800.
Nineteenth-century oak copies, 050-500.

Late XVIII Century Tables

18th Century tables, although not described as such in Chippendale’s Director, were a new type of table. During the first half of the 18th century, people tended to sit at small tables to eat, arranged in groups in a dedicated eating room.
Around the 1750s, people began to eat at longer tables. Quite often, these consisted of a central, rectangular gateleg table to which two D-ends were joined to make one long piece. When not assembled as such, the D-ends might be used as pier tables.
For the most part, these dining tables were plain, with either square or tapering legs. This began to change from around 1780, when tables were often supported by pedestals.
Early examples of dining tables, such as those supplied by Chippendale in 1770, had half-round ends and deep, rectangular drop leaves. These were supported, when raised, on gate legs and secured using stirrup clips.
Table legs were influenced by Neoclassical style and became more slender and tapering in shape as the century progressed.
As the passion for games and gambling now pervaded every level of society, large numbers of games tables
were made, particularly in England and the American colonies, and these gained popularity in Europe towards the end of the century.
Many games tables had a top that folded back to reveal a baize-lined surface or an inlaid games board, and one or two legs that swung back to support the open top. When not in use, the table would usually be stored
against the wall, so the side facing the wall was generally left undecorated.
Pembroke tables were multi-purpose, and could be used for dining, games, or as worktables, depending on the occasion. Being small and on casters, they could be moved around a room as required.
Like other occasional tables, Pembroke tables were usually highly decorative. Those made of satinwood or mahogany were often inlaid with Neoclassical designs, although painted decoration was also popular.
Marquetry remained fashionable throughout the period.
Dressing tables were often designed like deep tables with drawers. These usually featured ingenious mechanical fittings such as dressing mirrors that rose and fell in slots.
The escutcheons and handles are made of brass.
Carved acanthus adorns the knees of the table.
ENGLISH GAMES TABLE
Made from mahogany, this games table has a rectangular top that folds back to reveal a baize-lined playing surface. The concave corners hold counters.
c.1760.
The protruding, square corners are also functional, as their concave insides hold counters.
Metal hinges hold the two top sections together.
The rear legs do not have claw-and-ball feet. as the table was not designed to be seen from all sides.
ENGLISH CARD TABLE
This mahogany, D-shaped card table has a fold-over top and baize-lined interior. It is veneered with satinwood banding, with ebony and boxwood string inlay. c.1785.
ENGLISH PEMBROKE TABLE
This small mahogany table is intricately inlaid with various woods, including harewood, a veneer from the sycamore tree that is stained to produce a brown-green colour similar to khaki. c.1780.
SCANDINAVIAN TABLES
ade of satin birchwood, each table has a demi-lune top placed at an angle on a frae above three square-section, tapered legs. The D-shape or demi lunge is often associated with card tables that were designed to be placed
against a wall when not in use. However, these tables are more likely to have been used as side tables because they are too tall to sit at. c.1790. W87cm(34%in). L&T 3
SWEDISH PIER TABLE
This table is made of painted and gilded softwood, with a faux-marble top and plinth. Gilt balls top each turned, tapered leg, below which are carved and gilded acanthus leaves and gilt supports.
FRENCH TABLE
Made of mahogany, this rectangular table has a single frieze drawer. The square, tapering legs have brass terminals and casters, which allowed the occasional table to be moved easily. c.1785.
ENGLISH FOLD-OVER TEA TABLE
This mahogany tea table is made in the French Hepplewhite style. The serpentine top has a moulded edge and rests on a serpentine frieze, which is raised on cabriole legs. The legs are carved at the top of the knees
with stylized anthemia. c.1770.
ITALIAN PIER TABLE
This imposing table has a rectangular faux-marble top. The frame is painted and decorated with applied gilt scrolls and rosettes. The circular, tapered legs are also painted. Gilding is applied to the concave sections of
the stop-fluted legs. c. 1780.
ENGLISH DRUM TABLE
This table has an inset-leather surface, four frieze drawers, one of which is fitted with an adjustable writing slope, and four dummy drawers. The table revolves on a turned central column, which is set above four inlaid sabre legs with brass lion’s paw casters. c.1800.
DUTCH OCCASIONAL TABLE
The top of this demilune-shaped piece is decorated with an inlaid urn surrounded by crossbanding. Tambour doors slide sideways to open. It stands on three square-section, tapering legs decorated with boxwood and ebony stringing. c.1790.
FRENCH DROP-LEAF DINING TABLE
This Cuban mahogany table has a rounded, rectangular top with two D-shaped leaves. It has a plain frieze and six squared, tapered legs with brass caps and casters. The legs move out to support the open leaves and
additional leaves. Signed Jean-Antoine Brunel. c.1795.
SWEDISH CARD TABLE
This demi-lune-shaped table has a frieze and squared legs. It is very similar to an English card table, apart from the two legs, which are awkwardly bunched together. One of them swings back to support the top when opened. c.1780.
ENGLISH OVAL TABLE
This is one of a pair of French-style tables decorated with marquetry and parquetry. The oval top has a central panel with an inlaid spray of flowers and ribbons and the frieze has a floral inlay. The table has capriole legs. c.1785.
ENGLISH PIER TABLE
The top of this demi-line table is inlaid with satinwood, rosewood, ebony, and boxwood. The marquetry features a fan, echoing the shape of the table. Inlaid paterae are inserted at the tops of the square, tapering legs, which terminate in spade feet. c.1790.
SWISS GAMES TABLE
This walnut and cherrywood table has a heavy, hinged, fold-over top, with rounded corners and a brown, gilt-leather inner surface. The shaped table skirt is carved and the capriole legs are carved at the knees and
tips. The rear leg swings back to support the open top. c.1780.